Publication history of Marvel comics crossover events

Throughout its history of publication, Marvel comics has produced many crossover stories combining characters from different series of comics. The following is s list of crossover events involving superheros and characters from different series.

Contents

Events

Golden Age

Event Date Developments
Namor vs the Original Human Torch 1940 Namor and the Torch battle it out and cement the idea of a shared continuity of the Marvel universe. (Marvel Mystery Comics #8-10, June–August 1940)
All-Winners Squad 1946 A short lived creation, this team was composed of Captain America, Bucky, The Original Human Torch, Toro, Sub-Mariner, The Whizzer, and Miss America (All Winners Comics #19, #21; Fall-Winter 1946).[1]

1960s

Event Date Developments
Emergence of the Avengers 1963 Iron Man, Thor, Ant Man, the Wasp and Hulk assemble for the first time in an effort to stop Loki (The Avengers #1, September 1963).[2]
Reed Richards and Susan Storm's Wedding 1965 On the wedding day of Reed Richards and Susan Storm, Doctor Doom and an assembly of super villains (consisting of Attuma, Awesome Android, Beetle, Black Knight, Cobra, Diablo, Electro, Enchantress, Executioner, Grey Gargoyle, Human Top, some HYDRA agents, Kang the Conqueror, Mandarin, Melter, Mister Hyde, Mole Man, Porcupine, Puppet Master, Red Ghost and his Super Apes, Super-Skrull, and Unicorn) crash the wedding but are defeated by every super hero who was attending the wedding. This is the first time that almost every super character in the Marvel Universe at the time were gathered into one book (Fantastic Four Annual #3, November 1965).

1970s

Event Date Developments
Emergence of The Defenders 1971 The Defenders are first organized, originally led by Dr. Strange and including The Hulk, Namor, and the Silver Surfer (Marvel Feature #1, December 1971)[3]).
Giant-Size X-Men 1975 Professor X assembles a new team to rescue the original X-Men. First appearance of Storm, Colossus, Thunderbird and Nightcrawler. Wolverine, Sunfire, and Banshee joins the X-Men (Giant Size X-Men #1, May 1975).
The Korvac Saga 1978 The Avengers and the Guardians of the Galaxy track down a mysterious threat from the future (The Avengers #167-168, #170-177, January–February, April–December 1978).[4]

1980s

Event Date Developments
Contest of Champions 1982 The Grandmaster and Death manipulate the heroes of Earth in a game to decide the fate of The Collector (Contest of Champions #1–3 June 1982).[5]
Jaspers' Warp 1982–1984 The story is a multiverse-spanning tale, which introduced a number of new characters and concepts into the Marvel Universe."Jaspers' Warp", also known as "Crooked World", featured primarily the character Captain Britain.
Secret Wars 1984–1985 The Beyonder kidnaps selected heroes and villains of Earth to battle on a planet of his creation. Spider-Man finds his Symbiote costume. Doctor Doom steal the powers of the Beyonder, becoming almost god-like in the process, but is ultimately defeated by the present heroes (Secret Wars #1-12, May 1984-April 1985).[6]
Secret Wars II 1985–1986 The Beyonder heads to Earth in a bid to understand humanity, creating a human form for himself in the process.
Mutant Massacre 1986 It primarily involved the superhero teams the X-Men, X-Factor and the New Mutants. Power Pack, Thor, and Daredevil crossed over for an issue in their own comic books.
Kraven's Last Hunt 1987 The final battle between Kraven the Hunter and Spider-Man (Story arc begins in Web of Spider-man #31 and concludes in The Spectacular Spider-Man#132, October–November 1987.
Fall of the Mutants 1988 The X-Men are slain in Dallas during a cataclysmic battle against the Adversary. Cypher (of the New Mutants) dies battling the Ani-Mator. X-Factor (the original X-Men) battles Apocalypse and his Four Horsemen (The New Mutants #59-61, The Uncanny X-Men #225-227, X-Factor #24-26, Captain America #339, Daredevil #252, Fantastic Four #312, The Incredible Hulk #340, Power Pack #35, starting January 1988).
The Evolutionary War 1988 The High Evolutionary unleashes attacks all over the world to guide the way of human evolution (Eleven part crossover starting in X-Factor Annual #3,including The Punisher Annual #1, The Uncanny X-Men Annual #12 and concluding in The Avengers Annual #17, September 1988).[7]
Inferno 1988–1989 Demons from Limbo invade earth.
Atlantis Attacks 1989 Under the influence of Set the Serpent God, the Atlanteans launch a massive assault on the surface world.
Acts of Vengeance 1989–1990 Loki unites Doctor Doom, Magneto, Kingpin, Mandarin, Wizard, and Red Skull in a plot to use lesser enemies to defeat the superheroes that aren't their usual enemies. (Story arc begins in Avengers Spotlight #26, December1989).[8]

1990s

Event Date Developments
Days of Future Present 1990 The Story centered around the appearance of an adult version of the powerful mutant Franklin Richards, it is a sequel to the popular "Days of Future Past" story arc from Uncanny X-Men #141-142 (January–February 1981).
X-Tinction Agenda 1990–1991 The New Mutants and the X-Men are kidnapped and taken to Genosha, which culminates in their escape; the Genoshan government is overthrown (Story arc begins in The Uncanny X-Men #270, November 1990).
Muir Island Saga 1991 The "Muir Island Saga" is a five-part Marvel Comics crossover event involving the X-Men and X-Factor, published in 1991. It was written by Chris Claremont and Fabian Nicieza.
The Infinity Gauntlet 1991 Thanos uses the power of the Infinity Gems to become Supreme Being (The Infinity Gauntlet #1-6, July–December 1991).[9]
Operation: Galactic Storm 1992 The Avengers become involved in a war between the Kree and the Shi'ar (Captain America #398-401, Avengers West Coast #80-82, Quasar #32-36, Wonder Man #7-9, Avengers #345-347, Iron Man #278-279, Thor#445-446).[10][11]
Infinity War 1992 Magus, Adam Warlock's "Evil Side", creates evil doppelgangers of Earth's heroes to gain ultimate power.
X-Cutioner's Song 1992–1993 Stryfe arrives in the present to take vengeance against Cable & the X-Men by capturing his parents Cyclops and Jean Grey. The Legacy Virus is released during its epilogue (story arc begins in The Uncanny X-Men #294, November 1992).
Maximum Carnage 1993 The Carnage Family massacres downtown New York only to have Spider-Man and Venom in their way (story arc begins in Spider-Man Unlimited #1, May 1993).
Infinity Crusade 1993 Goddess, Adam Warlock's "Good Side", recruits an army of heroes to fight her holy war. Thanos and Adam Warlock unite to stop her.
Fatal Attractions 1993 Magneto returns more powerful and determined than ever, ripping the adamantium from Wolverine's bones and enraging Professor X. Colossus defects to Magneto's side (story arc begins in X-Factor #92, July 1993).
Bloodties 1993 It details the fallout from Charles Xavier's infamous mindwipe of Magneto and Magneto's ultimate defeat.
Child's Play 1994 "Child's Play" is a 1994 Marvel Comics crossover featuring the New Warriors, X-Force, and the Upstarts. It is also the first time Karma reunites with the New Mutants since she left the team in New Mutants #54 (1987).
Phalanx Covenant 1994 The Phalanx race attacks Earth. Generation X is founded in its aftermath.
Clone Saga 1994–1996 The clone of Spider-Man, who was long thought dead, returns. His creator, the Jackal, also returns to wreak havoc in Spider-Man's personal life. Norman Osborne returns as the mastermind of this series of events (story arc begins in Web of Spider-Man #117).
Age of Apocalypse 1995–1996 Legion travels back in time to kill Magneto, but accidentally kills his own father, Charles Xavier, creating a dystopian alternative timeline in which Apocalypse rules the world (story arc commences in X-Men: Alpha, February 1995).[12]
Planet of the Symbiotes 1995 The story centers on the invasion of Earth by an army of symbiotes and the efforts of Venom, Spider-Man, and Scarlet Spider to stop them.
Onslaught Saga 1996 The seed was planted when Xavier mind-wiped Magneto during Fatal Attractions, and he was born by the time warp of the Age of Apocalypse. Onslaught has arrived and defeating him results in the apparent "deaths" of many superheroes (X-Men #53, June, 1996, Onslaught: X-Men Special, August 1996, Onslaught: Marvel Universe, October, 1996).[13]
Heroes Reborn 1996–1997 The heroes who died during the Onslaught saga return from a Limbo created by Franklin Richards (Heroes Reborn: The Return #1-4, November, 1997).[14]
Operation: Zero Tolerance 1997 The story followed from the "Onslaught Saga" and focused on individuals, including Bastion and Henry Peter Gyrich, within the United States government and their attempts to use their positions to hunt down all mutants across the country.
Identity Crisis 1998 When Spider-Man was wanted for murder and he had a 5 million bounty on his head, he decided it would be best if he stopped being Spider-Man, and so created 4 new identities.
The Final Chapter 1998 Believing he has acquired the gift of power, Norman Osborn becomes the Green Goblin once again, scheming to mutate humanity with a DNA bomb he is developing.The storyline immediately followed events from "The Gathering of Five" arc, and the opening chapter deals with the five summoned by Osborn acquiring their "gifts"
The Hunt for Xavier 1998–1999 The X-Men attempt to find the location of Professor Xavier, who has been missing ever since the authorities arrested him in the wake of the Onslaught disaster.

2000s

Event Date Developments
The Twelve 2000 Apocalypse emerges once more, along with a mysterious prophecy of 12 powerful mutants capable of destroying him.The story carries on into the Ages of Apocalypse arc.
Ages of Apocalypse 2000 "The Ages of Apocalypse" is a series of sub-chapters to Marvel Comics' "The Twelve" saga, wherein En Sabah Nur finds himself trapped in the body of Scott Summers (Cyclops of X-Men) after a failed attempt to possess Nate Grey.
Maximum Security 2000–2001 Fed up with Earth's interference in intergalactic affairs, the starfaring alien community quarantines the Sol System and turns Earth into a prison for the universe's worst criminals.
Eve of Destruction 2001 A cure for the Legacy Virus has been released, providing Magneto with a brand new army of healthy mutants ready to wage a final battle against humanity.
Infinity Abyss 2002 Mad partial-clones of Thanos try to destroy the universe.
Secret War 2004–2005 Nick Fury brainwashes several heroes in secret to start a secret war against Latveria, who he believes has been selling high-tech weaponry to super villains (Secret War #1-#5, Secret War: From the Files of Nick Fury (2005).[15]
Avengers Disassembled 2004 Scarlet Witch goes insane and kills or incapacitates the current Avenger-roster, bringing to an end the Avengers as we knew them (main story-arc in Avengers #500-503, Avengers Finale, September–December 2004.).[16] Meanwhile Thor brings about the end of Asgard (Thor #80-85, 2004).[17]
House of M 2005 The Scarlet Witch alters reality, creating a world in which mutants are in charge but ultimately resulting in the population of the world's mutants brought to near extinction (main story arc in House of M #1-8).[18]
The Other 2005–2006 Spider-Man goes through a mysterious, life-changing event after facing the super villain Morlun (story arc begins in Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man #1, December 2005).
Decimation 2006 It focuses on the ramifications of the Scarlet Witch stripping nearly all of the mutant population of their powers, thereby reducing a society of millions to one of scant hundreds.
Annihilation 2006–2007 Silver Surfer, Super-Skrull, Nova, and Ronan face the Annihilation Wave.
Planet Hulk 2006–2007 It dealt primarily with the Marvel heroes' decision to send the Hulk away, his acclimation to and conquest of the planet where he landed, and his efforts to return to Earth to take his revenge.It led directly to the World War Hulk crossover, and inspired the Son of Hulk series.
Civil War 2006–2007 Heroes are divided when the U.S. government passes the Super-human Registration Act. Captain America seeks freedom, while Iron Man seeks to institute the 50 State Initiative (main story arc in Civil War #1-7, July 2006-January 2007).[19] Major events in the saga include Peter Parker's revealing his identity to the public (Civil War #2, August 2006)[19] and Captain America's death (Captain America #25 (2007)).[20]
The Initiative 2007–2008 An epilogue to Marvel's Civil War event, the storyline promotes newly launched series such as the Mighty Avengers, New Avengers, and Omega Flight, as well as the Warren Ellis reinvention of Thunderbolts.
Silent War 2007 It is a sequel to House of M and Son of M, detailing the war between the Inhumans and rest of humanity after the mutant Quicksilver stole the Terrigen Mists from Attilan.
Endangered Species 2007 The storyline, following up on the events of "House of M" and "Decimation", focuses on the Beast and explains why some mutants have retained their superpowers.
World War Hulk 2007 Following his exile into space (New Avengers: Illuminati One-Shot, 2006),[21] The Hulk returns to Earth to exact revenge on those responsible (World War Hulk #1, August 2007).[22]
Annihilation: Conquest 2007–2008 After the devastation of the wake of the Annihilation Wave, Nova, Starlord, Wraith, & a new Quasar (Phyla-Vell) lead a group of cosmic heroes against the Phalanx, who threaten to conquer and annihilate all of Kree space.
Mystic Arcana 2007–2008 The story focuses upon a different fictional character, each of whom in previous Marvel publications have had associations with magic.
Messiah Complex 2007–2008 When the first new mutant since M-Day is suddenly born, the X-Men, Purifiers and Mister Sinister go after it.
Die by the Sword 2007 Psylocke's reunion with her brother, Captain Britain, takes a turn for the worse when the diabolic minds of several of Excalibur's greatest foes decide that one world is not enough to conquer. The Exiles and Excalibur must join forces to save crosstime before all of creation is destroyed!.The story served as a conclusion to both Exiles vol. 1 and New Excalibur, though Captain Britain and some of New Excalibur continue on in Captain Britain and MI: 13, part of the Secret Invasion crossover event.Exiles was later restarted as New Exiles.
One More Day 2007–2008 Spider-Man accepts a devilish choice to rewrite his own history in order to save Aunt May while sacrificing the greatest love of his life in the process (The Amazing Spider-Man #544, November 2007).
Divided We Stand 2008 The story deals with several characters trying to adapt to the X-Men's disbandment.
Secret Invasion 2008 A stealthy invasion by the Skrull race has gone unnoticed for years, but there is an even more secret purpose behind it (main story arc in Secret Invasion #1-8, June 2008-January 2009).[23]
Manifest Destiny 2008–2009 This story deals with the change in the X-Men when they shift their headquarters from Westchester to San Francisco. This will be followed by "X-Infernus", the sequel to "Inferno".
Spidey Meets the President! 2009 The story was published the week before Obama's inauguration in January 2009.
Dark Reign 2009 In the aftermath of Secret Invasion, Norman Osborn grows to new heights of power as a beloved public figure taking over S.H.I.E.L.D. (re-christening the organization as H.A.M.M.E.R.), forming the Cabal, and founding the Dark Avengers (story arc begins in "Secret Invasion: Dark Reign", 2008[24] and "Secret Invasion #8", January 2009;[23] Dark Avengers first appear in "New Avengers #50", 2009[24] and "Dark Avengers #1", 2009[25]).
War of Kings 2009 Vulcan is rapidly expanding the Shi'ar Empire, while Black Bolt and the Inhumans become leaders of the Kree empire following the events of Secret Invasion, and a cosmic war begins, drawing in Nova, Darkhawk, the Starjammers, and the Guardians of the Galaxy.
Messiah War 2009 Learning that Bishop was after Cable and the first mutant born since House of M, Cyclops had Beast develop time travelling devices so Cyclops could send his secret wetworks team, X-Force (consisting of Wolverine, Warpath, X-23, Domino, Vanisher, Archangel and Elixir) into the future after Bishop, hoping that they'll end the threat once and for all and the future of mutant kind will be safe in the hands of his son.
Utopia 2009 California has become a troublesome state in the USA. The mutant riots lead to the entire area of San Francisco being put into martial law, and brings the rise of the "Dark X-Men."
Nation X 2009–2010 A mutant nation has been created on Utopia, off the coast of California.
Necrosha 2009–2010 The once Black Queen of the Hellfire Club brings forth a new Inner Circle of deadly mutants as well as a new threat to the entire mutant population as she sets her plan into motion of becoming a goddess.
Gauntlet & Grim Hunt 2009–2010 Each of Spider-Man's old enemies are attacking him under the orders of Kraven the Hunter's family.Following the events in "The Gauntlet," Kraven the Hunter's family comes after Spider-Man in a plot to revive Kraven.
Fall of the Hulks 2009–2010 The smartest minds in the Marvel Universe are being captured by a group known only as the Intelligencia which is a collection of some of the smartest supervillains in the Marvel canon.

2010s

Event Date Developments
Realm of Kings 2010 The follow-up to War of Kings.
Siege 2010 In the aftermath of Dark Reign, Norman Osborn invades Asgard.
Doomwar 2010 Black Panther, the Fantastic Four, the X-Men, and Deadpool wage war on the Latverian dictator Doctor Doom in an attempt to finally bring his empire down once and for all.
Second Coming 2010 "Second Coming" was the final part of a trilogy of stories that began with Messiah Complex and continued in Messiah War. Intended as a conclusion to Cable's efforts to save Hope from Bishop, who has hunted the so called Mutant Messiah since her birth; the series also builds on the Utopia, Nation X and Necrosha storylines of 2009 in the X-Men books.The story centers on the return of Cable and Hope Summers to the present day and Bastion's final campaign to destroy the X-Men
Heroic Age 2010 With the Superhuman Registration Act abolished, a major change in the status quo of the Marvel Universe begins.
The Thanos Imperative 2010 Thanos has returned from the dead, which prompts an important question: "What does this mean for the entire universe?"
World War Hulks 2010 The follow-up to Fall of the Hulks. The plan of the Intelligencia is put in action plus the identities of the Red Hulk and Red She-Hulk are finally revealed.
Curse of the Mutants 2010 Vampires from around the globe descend on San Francisco to claim the city as their own causing the X-Men and Blade to team up to stop them.
Wolverine Goes to Hell 2010–2011 Someone's out to destroy Logan - permanently - and they may have succeeded. But if Wolverine's soul is in hell, how is his body terrorizing those closest to him? .Daken:Dark Wolverine,X-23 and Wolverine Vol 4 are launched with this story.
Shadowland 2010 A prison/temple is constructed on the ruins of a Hell's Kitchen building, destroyed (along with numerous lives) by Bullseye during the Dark Reign event. Murdock returns to Hell's Kitchen from Japan and seeks to utilise the Hand as a force for justice; however, Murdock is not the same person anymore.
Chaos War 2010–2011 The Chaos King Amatsu-Mikaboshi, the living embodiment of the void before time and space began, has chosen to annihilate all reality and to return the Marvel Universe back to its state of primordial darkness, thus launching a massive assault on Earth to wipe out all of existence with an army of thousands of alien deities at his back. This forces the remaining heroes, gods and cosmic beings, rallied by a restored Hercules, to join forces in a last desperate effort to stop him.
Three 2010–2011 Johnny Storm, the Human Torch, risks his life to save Ben Grimm (The Thing) and the Richard kids. Marks the end of the Fantastic Four, and the beginning of the Future Foundation. Fantastic Four #588, FF#1
Age of X 2011 The reality as changed, the Earth-616 was replaced by a world where the X-Men never came to be, the mutant-kind has been hunted to extinction, the few remaining mutants band together to make their last stand.
Onslaught Unleashed 2011 It seems Onslaught has returned as a threat of the Marvel Universe once more, this time with a connection to Nomad. No telling what trouble he will create for both the teenage would be heroes of The Young Allies, and Steve Rogers' Secret Avengers
Fear Itself 2011 The Asgardian God of Fear is sowing fear and doubt among Marvel's Superheroes to use it against them.
Spider-Island 2011 The Jackal has given to every New Yorker spider-like powers, even heroes and villains.
Schism 2011 After a mutant-triggered international incident, anti-mutant hatred hits new heights. It's at this moment, when the mutant race needs most to stand together, that a split begins that will tear apart the very foundation of the X-Men.
Regenesis 2011–2012 Torn apart by the events of "X-Men: Schism," Mutants have split into two distinct factions, with Cyclops leading Utopia while Wolverine heads back to the X-Men's roots in Westchester. Now, the X-Men are going through a complete restructuring and "Regenesis."
Shattered Heroes 2011 Aftermath of Fear Itself.
Avengers vs. X-Men 2012 Aftermath of the mini series Avengers: X-Sanction, which brings back Cable to the Marvel Universe ahead of the Phoenix Force which has been discovered heading directly for Earth.

Ultimate Marvel

Event Date Developments
Ultimate Six 2003–2004 Eletro, Kraven, Doc Oc, Sandman, and Spider-Man's archnemesis, the Green Goblin are incarcerated by the Ultimates. Hank Pym (Giant Man/Ant Man) attempts to rehabilitate them. Ultimately, this doesn't go well. They escape and force Spider-Man to launch an attack upon the white house.
Ultimate Galactus Trilogy 2004–2006 The story chronicles the coming of Gah Lak Tus!
Ultimate X4 2005–2006 Cerebro has been stolen - and the trail points directly at the government's premier think tank, the Baxter Building! The X-Men aren't happy about it - and the Baxter Building's most famous residents, the Fantastic Four, aren't happy about an angry team of mutants showing up on their doorstep!
Ultimatum 2008–2009 The story deals with Magneto's attempts to destroy the world following the apparent deaths of the Scarlet Witch and Quicksilver in Ultimates 3.Following the Ultimatum storyline, each Ultimate title was given a Requiem follow-up series or one-shot, dealing with the status each book's characters in the aftermath of Ultimatum.
Doomsday 2010–2011 The story mainly focuses on what remains of the Fantastic Four after Ultimatum, specifically dealing with an unknown threat (revealed later) trying to alter the entire Ultimate Universe, in the process causing a significant amount of destruction.
Death of Spider-Man 2011 The story details the death of Spider-Man.It also crosses over with Avengers vs New Ultimates.After this the entire Ultimate line was relaunched with Ultimate Comics Universe Reborn tagline. The titles relaunched were Ultimate Comics: X-Men, Ultimate Comics: Ultimates, and Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man, with Ultimate Comics: Fallout and Ultimate Comics: Hawkeye being released as mini-series.

References

  1. ^ Marvel Chronicle: A Year by Year History (2008) Saunders, Catherine et al (eds), Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 978-1-4053-3263-7 pp32-33
  2. ^ Marvel Masterworks: The Avengers Volume 1(2002).Lee, Stan., Kirby, Jack. Marvel Comics, New York. ISBN 0-7851-0883-1 pp1-23
  3. ^ Marvel Chronicle: A Year by Year History (2008) Saunders, Catherine et al (eds), Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 978-1-4053-3263-7 p151
  4. ^ The Avengers Legends Volume 2: The Korvac Saga (2003) Shooter, Jim.,Michelinie, David., Mantlo, Bill. Marvel Comics, New York. ISBN 0-7851-0919-6
  5. ^ Marvel Chronicle: A Year by Year History (2008) Saunders, Catherine et al (eds), Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 978-1-4053-3263-7 p 208
  6. ^ Secret Wars (2005) Shooter, Jim. Marvel Comics, New York. ISBN 0-7851-1873-x
  7. ^ Marvel Chronicle: A Year by Year History (2008) Saunders, Catherine et al (eds), Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 978-1-4053-3263-7 p 238
  8. ^ Marvel Chronicle: A Year by Year History (2008) Saunders, Catherine et al (eds), Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 978-1-4053-3263-7 p 243
  9. ^ Marvel Chronicle: A Year by Year History (2008) Saunders, Catherine et al (eds), Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 978-1-4053-3263-7 p 254
  10. ^ Avengers: Galactic Storm Volume 1 (2006)Youngquist, Jeff., Grunwald, Jennifer., Beazley, Mark., Short,,Michael. (eds) Marvel Publishing Inc., New York. ISBN 0-7851-2044-0
  11. ^ Avengers: Galactic Storm Volume 2 (2006)Youngquist, Jeff., Grunwald, Jennifer., Short, Michael. (eds) Marvel Publishing Inc., New York. ISBN 0-7851-2045-9
  12. ^ Marvel Chronicle: A Year by Year History (2008) Saunders, Catherine et al (eds), Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 978-1-4053-3263-7 p 272
  13. ^ Marvel Chronicle: A Year by Year History (2008) Saunders, Catherine et al (eds), Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 978-1-4053-3263-7. pp279-280
  14. ^ Heroes Reborn: The Return (2009)Marvel Publishing, New York, ISBN 978-0-7851-3748-1
  15. ^ Secret War (2005)Bendis, Michael. Marvel Publishing Inc., New York. ISBN 0-7851-1837-3
  16. ^ Avengers Disassembled (2005), Bendis, Brian. Marvel Comics, New York. ISBN 0-7851-1482-3
  17. ^ Avengers Disassembled: Thor (2004) Oeming, Michael. Marvel Comics, New York. ISBN 0-7851-1599-4
  18. ^ House of M (2006) Marvel Publishing, New York, ISBN 0-7851-1721-0
  19. ^ a b Civil War (2007): Millar, M., Marvel Publishing, New York, ISBN 0-7851-2179-X
  20. ^ Captain America: The Death of Captain America (2007): Brubaker, E., Marvel Publishing, New York, ISBN 978-0-7851-2849-6
  21. ^ Civil War: The Road to Civil War(2007), Grunwald, J. (ed), Marvel Publishing, New York, ISBN 0-7851-1974-4
  22. ^ Marvel Chronicle: A Year by Year History (2008) Saunders, Catherine et al (eds), Dorling Kindersley, London. ISBN 978-1-4053-3263-7 p 336
  23. ^ a b Secret Invasion (2009) Bendis, Marvel Publishing, New York, ISBN 978-0-7851-3297-4
  24. ^ a b The New Avengers: Power (2009), Bendis, Marvel Publishing, New York, ISBN 978-0-7851-3559-3
  25. ^ Dark Avengers: Assemble Vol 1, (2009), Bendis, Marvel Publishing, New York, ISBN978-0-7851-3851-8